Conditions of Bai'a and Marital Rulings in the Context of Faith and Disbelief
Al-Mumtahanah — Verses 10–12 | Explore this Quran theme on Muallim
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ ۖ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَانِهِنَّ ۖ فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ فَلَا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ ۖ لَا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَّهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ ۖ وَآتُوهُم مَّا أَنفَقُوا ۚ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَن تَنكِحُوهُنَّ إِذَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ ۚ وَلَا تُمْسِكُوا بِعِصَمِ الْكَوَافِرِ وَاسْأَلُوا مَا أَنفَقْتُمْ وَلْيَسْأَلُوا مَا أَنفَقُوا ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ حُكْمُ اللَّهِ ۖ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ ۚ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ ١٠
O you who believe! When believing women come to you as emigrants, examine them, Allah knows best as to their Faith, then if you ascertain that they are true believers, send them not back to the disbelievers, they are not lawful (wives) for the disbelievers nor are the disbelievers lawful (husbands) for them. But give the disbelievers that (amount of money) which they have spent [as their Mahr] to them. And there will be no sin on you to marry them if you have paid their Mahr to them. Likewise hold not the disbelieving women as wives, and ask for (the return of) that which you have spent (as Mahr) and let them (the disbelievers, etc.) ask back for that which they have spent. That is the Judgement of Allah. He judges between you. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
- يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا
- O you who believe!
- جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ فَامْتَحِنُوهُنَّ ۖ
- When believing women come to you as emigrants,
- اللَّهُ
- examine them,
- أَعْلَمُ بِإِيمَانِهِنَّ ۖ فَإِنْ
- Allah knows best as to their Faith.
- عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ فَلَا
- then if you ascertain that they are true believers,
- تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ ۖ لَا
- send them not back to the disbelievers,
- هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَّهُمْ وَلَا
- they are not lawful (wives) for the disbelievers
- هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّ ۖ وَآتُوهُم
- nor are the disbelievers lawful (husbands) for them.
- مَّا أَنفَقُوا ۚ وَلَا
- But give the disbelievers that (amount of money) which they have spent [as their Mahr] to them.
- جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَن تَنكِحُوهُنَّ إِذَا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ ۚ وَلَا
- And there will be no sin on you to marry them if you have paid their Mahr to them.
- تُمْسِكُوا بِعِصَمِ الْكَوَافِرِ وَاسْأَلُوا
- Likewise hold not the disbelieving women as wives,
- مَا أَنفَقْتُمْ وَلْيَسْأَلُوا
- and ask for (the return of) that which you have spent (as Mahr)
- مَا أَنفَقُوا ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ
- and let them (the disbelievers, etc.) ask back for that which they have spent.
- حُكْمُ اللَّهِ ۖ يَحْكُمُ
- That is the Judgement of Allah.
- بَيْنَكُمْ ۚ وَاللَّهُ
- He judges between you.
- عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
- And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
وَإِن فَاتَكُمْ شَيْءٌ مِّنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ فَعَاقَبْتُمْ فَآتُوا الَّذِينَ ذَهَبَتْ أَزْوَاجُهُم مِّثْلَ مَا أَنفَقُوا ۚ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ الَّذِي أَنتُم بِهِ مُؤْمِنُونَ ١١
And if any of your wives have gone from you to the disbelievers, and you have an accession (by the coming over of a woman from the other side), then pay to those whose wives have gone, the equivalent of what they had spent (on their Mahr). And fear Allah in Whom you believe.
- وَإِن فَاتَكُمْ شَيْءٌ مِّنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِ
- And if any of your wives have gone from you to the disbelievers,
- فَعَاقَبْتُمْ
- and you have an accession
- فَآتُوا الَّذِينَ ذَهَبَتْ أَزْوَاجُهُم
- then pay to those whose wives have gone,
- مِّثْلَ مَا أَنفَقُوا ۚ
- the equivalent of what they had spent
- وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ
- on their Mahr.
- الَّذِي أَنتُم بِهِ مُؤْمِنُونَ
- And fear Allah in Whom you believe.
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَىٰ أَن لَّا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَسْرِقْنَ وَلَا يَزْنِينَ وَلَا يَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلَادَهُنَّ وَلَا يَأْتِينَ بِبُهْتَانٍ يَفْتَرِينَهُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِنَّ وَأَرْجُلِهِنَّ وَلَا يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ ۙ فَبَايِعْهُنَّ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُنَّ اللَّهَ ۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ ١٢
O Prophet! When believing women come to you to give you the Bai'a (pledge), that they will not associate anything in worship with Allah, that they will not steal, that they will not commit illegal sexual intercourse, that they will not kill their children, that they will not utter slander, intentionally forging falsehood (i.e. by making illegal children belonging to their husbands), and that they will not disobey you in any Ma'ruf (Islamic Monotheism and all that which Islam ordains) then accept their Bai'a (pledge), and ask Allah to forgive them, Verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
- يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا
- O Prophet!
- جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَىٰ
- When believing women come to you to give you the Bai'a (pledge),
- أَن لَّا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا
- that they will not associate anything in worship with Allah,
- يَسْرِقْنَ وَلَا
- that they will not steal,
- يَزْنِينَ وَلَا
- that they will not commit illegal sexual intercourse,
- يَقْتُلْنَ أَوْلَادَهُنَّ وَلَا
- that they will not kill their children,
- يَأْتِينَ بِبُهْتَانٍ يَفْتَرِينَهُ بَيْنَ
- that they will not utter slander, intentionally forging falsehood
- أَيْدِيهِنَّ وَأَرْجُلِهِنَّ وَلَا
- (i.e. by making illegal children belonging to their husbands),
- يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ ۙ فَبَايِعْهُنَّ
- and that they will not disobey you in any Ma'ruf (Islamic Monotheism and all that which Islam ordains)
- وَاسْتَغْفِرْ
- then accept their Bai'a (pledge),
- لَهُنَّ اللَّهَ ۖ إِنَّ
- and ask Allah to forgive them,
- اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَّحِيمٌ
- Verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.